![]() ![]() Reflect on things you are grateful for and what is going well in your life (Emmons & McCullough, 2003).Īccording to Seligman (2012), engagement is “being one with the music.” It is in line with Csikszentmihalyi’s (1989) concept of “flow.” Flow includes the loss of self-consciousness and complete absorption in an activity.Listen to uplifting or inspirational music (Juslin & Sakka, 2019).Do hobbies and creative activities that you enjoy (Conner et al., 2018).Spend time with people you care about (Kok et al., 2013).Ways to build positive emotion may include: Increasing positive emotions helps individuals build physical, intellectual, psychological, and social resources that lead to this resilience and overall wellbeing. Positive emotions can undo the harmful effects of negative emotions and promote resilience (Tugade & Fredrickson, 2004). When individuals can explore, savor, and integrate positive emotions into daily life (and visualizations of future life), it improves habitual thinking and acting. Positive emotions are a prime indicator of flourishing, and they can be cultivated or learned to improve wellbeing (Fredrickson, 2001). Positive emotions include hope, interest, joy, love, compassion, pride, amusement, and gratitude. Positive emotion is much more than mere ‘ happiness.’ Watch this video where Seligman discusses the PERMA model. ![]() This means that proactively working on the components of PERMA not only increases aspects of wellbeing, but also decreases psychological distress. PERMA is also a better predictor of psychological distress than previous reports of distress (Forgeard et al., 2011). Research has shown significant positive associations between each of the PERMA components and physical health, vitality, job satisfaction, life satisfaction, and commitment within organizations (Kern, Waters, Alder, & White, 2014). The PERMA model makes up WBT, where each dimension works in concert to give rise to a higher order construct that predicts the flourishing of groups, communities, organizations, and nations (Forgeard, Jayawickreme, Kern, & Seligman, 2011). These five elements or components (PERMA Seligman, 2012) are These elements are pursued for their own sake and are defined and measured independently of each other (Seligman, 2012).Īdditionally, the five components include both eudaimonic and hedonic components, setting WBT apart from other theories of wellbeing. In developing a theory to address this, Seligman (2012) selected five components that people pursue because they are intrinsically motivating and they contribute to wellbeing. From this point in time, theories and research examined positive psychology interventions that help make life worth living and how to define, quantify, and create wellbeing (Rusk & Waters, 2015). Martin Seligman used his inaugural address as the incoming president of the American Psychological Association to shift the focus from mental illness and pathology to studying what is good and positive in life. The description of self-actualization is a foreshadowing of the PERMA model, which outlines the characteristics of a flourishing individual and Wellbeing Theory (WBT). ’s Relevant ResourcesĪbraham Maslow (1962) was one of the first in the field of psychology to describe “wellbeing,” with his characteristics of a self-actualized person.4 Helpful Questionnaires and Questions to Ask.These science-based exercises will explore fundamental aspects of positive psychology including strengths, values, and self-compassion, and will give you the tools to enhance the wellbeing of your clients, students, or employees. This article will outline the PERMA+ model and the theory of wellbeing, and provide practical ways to apply its components in your private practice or personal life.īefore you continue, we thought you might like to download our three Positive Psychology Exercises for free. Positive psychology takes you through the countryside of pleasure and gratification, up into the high country of strength and virtue, and finally to the peaks of lasting fulfillment, meaning and purpose. Is it possible to experience any of these in the middle of a chaotic world and negative circumstances? Can we learn to grow or find skills that lead to this “good life?” Living the good life, flourishing, self-actualization, joy, and purpose are words that come to mind with happiness. Yet the concept of “happiness” is often hard to accurately define. The pursuit of happiness is one that humans have been working toward since the beginning of time. ![]()
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